What is Pertussis (Whooping Cough) and How to Protect Yourself

Recently, we have observed an increase in pertussis cases in our community.  Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory infection that can affect anyone but is especially dangerous for babies and young children. The bacteria behind pertussis attack the airways, causing severe coughing fits that can make it hard to breathe, eat, or even sleep.

Symptoms to Watch For:
At first, pertussis can feel like a regular cold: runny nose, mild cough and fever. But within a week or two, that cough can get much worse, leading to:

• Intense, uncontrollable coughing fits
• A “whooping” sound when breathing in after coughing
• Vomiting after coughing episodes
• Exhaustion from constant coughing

For infants, the symptoms can be more subtle but serious—like struggling to breathe or turning blue. In teenagers and adults, pertussis may appear as a lingering cough that lasts for weeks and is often mistaken for a common cold or bronchitis.

How is Pertussis Treated?
If caught early, antibiotics can help reduce symptoms and prevent spreading the infection to others. But once the cough becomes severe, it can take weeks (even months) to fully recover. This is why prevention is essential.

Protect Yourself and Loved Ones
The best way to prevent pertussis is by staying up to date on vaccinations. The DTaP vaccine (for children) and the Tdap booster (for teens and adults) provide strong protection. Pregnant individuals are also encouraged to get vaccinated to help protect newborns, who are at the highest risk for severe disease and cannot receive their first vaccine until 2 months of age.

"Pertussis is a very contagious illness, but it's treatable and preventable," said Mariana Lanata, MD, Marshall Health pediatrician and infectious disease specialist. "Caretakers of infants are especially encouraged to get their Tdap vaccine to protect against pertussis - also known as whooping cough - which can potentially be life-threatening for babies."

If you or a loved one develop persistent coughing—particularly if you’ve been in close contact with infants or individuals with weakened immunity who are at the highest risk for severe disease—consult your healthcare provider to get tested and treated accordingly. Even if you are not severely ill, do not dismiss your symptoms; adolescents and young adults are often key carriers due to waning immunity against pertussis.

If you have been in close contact with someone diagnosed with pertussis, you may qualify for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regardless of your vaccination status. Please contact your healthcare provider to discuss whether PEP is recommended for you.

If you experience severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, dehydration or prolonged coughing fits, visit the nearest Marshall Health Network Urgent Care or Emergency Room for immediate medical attention.

Marshall Health Network is here to keep your family healthy.